Emotional Physical and Mental Benefit of Horseback Riding

†¢ Overall feeling of prosperity: Horseback riding is an incredible blend of cardiovascular and muscle-reinforcing exercise. As we have examined in past articles, standard exercise bestows different mental advantages. †¢ Increased fearlessness: having the option to control a creature a lot bigger than ourselves improves our self-assurance. Adding another aptitude to our collection additionally builds our feeling of self-esteem. †¢ Decreased pressure: When you take part in horseback riding, you have to concentrate on the subtleties of the whole custom and process.This helps take your brain off unremarkable concerns, which thus mitigates pressure. †¢ Improved center: For me, the most educational parts of horseback riding are the unpretentious subtleties that are associated with each progression of the procedure, from setting up the pony for the ride right to getting off the pony. The entirety of this requires critical concentration as well as develops better core in terest. †¢ Improved self-restraint: The craft of pony care and horseback riding is an extraordinary case of between species correspondence. Each subtlety of our conduct influences the horse’s behavior.Therefore, so as to be a decent rider, you should develop the self-restraint to adjust your own conduct e. g. : smooth breathing, generally speaking serenity, and so on †¢ Improved tolerance: Horseback riding requires learning an entirely different arrangement of abilities which requires significant investment. What's more, getting the opportunity to comprehend the brain science of ponies is a procedure as well. Along these lines, by riding ponies consistently, we can figure out how to be increasingly tolerant which is an attractive quality. †¢ A feeling of opportunity and delight: I can let you know from my own experience that having the option to ride a pony, an a lot greater and incredible animal, gives me a feeling of joy and freedom.I know about numerous indi viduals who have had a similar encounter. †¢ A feeling of collaboration, duty and long range interpersonal communication: Working with a gathering of individuals (e. g. : coaches, individual riders, and so on ) towards a similar objective shows us the estimation of collaboration and obligation. This is particularly significant for kids. Moreover, kids appreciate the chance to build up a more beneficial informal community which is less inclined to lead them to inconveniences. †¢ Development of regard for creatures: I accept each human should show regard for our individual animals.Horseback riding certainly makes us mindful of the astounding capacities and sensibilities of ponies in this way making a recharged regard for creatures. †¢ Improved hazard taking capacities: Since riding is unmistakably a hazard sport, the way toward turning into a practiced rider shows us how to oversee potential dangers sensibly. †¢ Therapeutic riding: Horseback riding has been utilize d since the 50? s, with much achievement, in helping truly impaired individuals to improve their physical and passionate wellbeing. This is portrayed as remedial riding. Sincerely debilitated individuals are likewise known to profit by helpful riding.For model, medically introverted youngsters are known to concentrate better and much express their first verbally expressed words while on the rear of a pony. †¢ Safety starts things out: Please make an effort to remain cautious in picking a preparation ranch as well as a coach. Regard for the security of individuals and creatures is central; and wearing a head protector is an absolute necessity. (http://medinagazette. northcoastnow. com/2010/07/21/the-brain research of-horseback-riding/) Psychological Benefits * General feeling of prosperity. Exercise in the natural quality of a farm, away from emergency clinics, specialists office, treatment rooms, or home assistance to advance a feeling of prosperity. Developed fearlessness Conf idence is picked up by acing an ability typically performed by healthy individuals. The capacity to control a creature a lot bigger and more grounded than oneself is an incredible certainty developer. Partaking in occasions, for example, shows and play days add to the feeling of accomplishment. * Increased enthusiasm for the outside world. For those restricted by a handicap, the world will in general shrivel. Riding expands enthusiasm for what's going on around the rider, as the rider investigates the world from the rear of a pony. In any event, practicing gets fascinating when done riding a horse. Expanded enthusiasm for one's own life. The energy of riding and the encounters included animate the rider, urging the rider to talk and impart about it. * Improved hazard taking capacities. Riding is a hazard sport. The rider figures out how to ace feelings of dread however the demonstration of remaining on the pony, just as endeavoring new aptitudes and positions on the pony. * Developm ent of persistence. Since the pony has it's very own psyche, the rider learns persistence as the person in question endeavors to perform aptitudes on the pony when the pony isn't cooperating.Repetition of essential riding standards additionally assists with creating tolerance. * Emotional control and self-restraint. The rider rapidly discovers that a crazy rider implies a wild pony. Yelling, crying, and passionate upheavals upset the pony, which thus terrifies the rider. Riders figure out how to control these feelings and fittingly express them. * Sense of ordinariness. By having the option to ace an expertise thought about troublesome by the capable populace, the rider encounters him/herself as being typical. * Expansion of the locus of control.The rider starts to see him/herself as having command over his/her reality as authority over an incredible creature increments. (http://www. strides. organization/psycho. html) * Friendship. In spite of the fact that riding can be a singular movement, it is typically acted in gatherings. Riders share a typical love of ponies and a typical encounter of riding †a decent establishment on which to assemble a fellowship. * Development of regard and love for creatures. Ponies require a lot of care and consideration. Riders wind up holding with the creatures. They build up an enthusiasm for them and figure out how to think about them.They figure out how to put the requirements of the pony first. * Increased encounters. The assortment of encounters engaged with riding are interminable. From attaching and prepping to trail riding, from going to horse shows to learning the pieces of a pony, the rider is continually encountering and developing. The pony likewise gives the rider the capacity to go puts in any case unavailable because of the incapacity. * Enjoyment. There is no uncertainty about it, riding a pony is enjoyable. Riders experience fervor and delight each opportunity they seek an exercise. (http://www. strides. or ganization/social. html) Physical Benefits * Improved balance.As the pony moves, the rider is continually rattled, necessitating that the rider's muscles contract and unwind trying to rebalance. This activity arrives at profound muscles not open in customary exercise based recuperation. The three-dimensional rhythmical development of the pony is like the movement of strolling, showing rhythmical examples to the muscles of the legs and trunk. By putting the rider in various situations on the pony (remedial vaulting), we can work various arrangements of muscles. Halting and beginning the pony, altering speed and changing course increment the advantages. Fortified muscles. Muscles are reinforced by the expanded utilize associated with riding. Despite the fact that riding is work out, it is seen as pleasure, and in this manner the rider has expanded resilience and inspiration to protract the time of activity. * Improved coordination, quicker reflexes, and better engine arranging. Riding a pony requires a lot of coordination so as to get the ideal reaction from the pony. Since the pony gives moment criticism to each activity by the rider, it is anything but difficult to know when you have given the right cue.Repetition of designed developments required in controlling a pony revives the reflexes and helps in engine arranging. * Stretching of tight or spastic muscles. Sitting on a pony requires extending of the adductor muscles of the thighs. This is cultivated by pre-extending before mounting the pony, and beginning the rider off on a tight pony, bit by bit attempting to more extensive and more extensive ponies. Gravity assists with extending the muscles before the leg as the rider sits on the pony without stirrups. Riding with stirrups with heels level or down assists with extending the heel lines and calf muscles.Stomach and back muscles are extended as the rider is urged to keep up an upstanding stance against the development of the pony. Arm and hand muscles are extended as a major aspect of routine activities on the pony and by the demonstration of holding and utilizing the reins. * Decreased spasticity. Spasticity is diminished by the cadenced movement of the pony. The glow of the pony may help in unwinding, particularly of the legs. Sitting on the back of a pony assists with separating extensor fits of the lower appendages. Holding the reins assists with breaking flexor fit examples of the upper limbs.Many of the formative vaulting positions are likewise intended to separate or lessen spasticity. Exhaustion likewise assists with diminishing spasticity by creating unwinding. * Increased scope of movement of the joints. As spasticity is decreased, scope of movement increments. Scope of movement is additionally improved by the demonstration of mounting and getting off, attaching up, preparing, and practices during exercises. * Reduction of irregular development designs. On the off chance that spasticity is diminished and scope of movement expanded, it follows that anomalous developments will be inhibited.Relaxation strategies while riding additionally help to repress unusual development. * Improved breath and dissemination. In spite of the fact that riding isn't regularly viewed as a cardiovascular exercise, running and loping do increment both breath and course. * Improved hunger and processing. Like all types of activity, riding invigorates the hunger. The stomach related tract is additionally animated, expanding the effectiveness of assimilation. * Sensory incorporation. Riding invigorates the material faculties both through touch and ecological stimuli.The vestibular framework is additionally animated by the development of the pony, alters in course and speed. The olfactory framework reacts to the numerous scents engaged with a stable and farm condition. V

The Impressionistic Period essays

The Impressionistic Period papers The Impressionistic Period occurred during the last 50% of the nineteenth century and the starting portion of the twentieth century. Impressionistic music was first begun by Claude Debussy, a French writer. He additionally established the impressionist school of music. The Impressionistic Period began as a rebel against German sentimentalism. The impact of the French impressionist artworks additionally helped structure this style of music. Debussys music was brief, rich, and rather chilly, not at all like the period previously, which held wistful music. At a certain point in his life, he split away and made a piece which was increasingly customary, called La Mer, which signifies the ocean. There were a wide range of authors during the Impressionistic Period. Some of them were Manuel de Falla, Fredrick Delius, Ralph Williams Vaughan, and Ottorino Respighi. These and different authors assisted with making up the Impressionistic Period. Delius and Vaughan were English writers. La Falla was a Spanish writer. Impressionistic music was particularly famous in the European nations. Impressionistic music was affected by Claude Monets painting, Sunrise. Other impressionistic craftsmen were Camile Pissaro, Auguste Renior, Edgar Degas, and Berthe Morisot. Numerous individuals of the time dismissed this style of craftsmanship. The artistic creations were overflowed with brilliant hues applied straightforwardly to the canvas in little finished strokes. This style broke the consistency of the unmistakably laid out and spoke to artistic creations of this time. Impressionistic music had an ambiguity of structure and the tricky characteristic of impressionism. A few qualities are the utilization of flighty harmony changes, relative insignificance of tune, and pentatonic scales frequently supplanted the major and minor scopes. The Impressionistic Period was additionally celebrated for its writing. Impressionism in writing regularly is utilized comprehensively, including imagery, imagism, and different styles that were not forma ... <!

College must-haves

College must-haves Class of 2010: I hope youre all excited about your new temporary housing assignment! I *believe* every room comes with the following items, though it may vary slightly depending on your dorm. This list is based on Next House: 1. A telephone (the MIT phone policies keep changing, but as of now I think you can make local calls for free. If youre like me, youll unplug the phone and put it under your bed because who needs a limited landline when you have a cell?) 2. A twin bed with frame and mattress 3. Dresser (usually with three or four drawers) 4. Bookcase 5. Trash can 6. Ethernet connection 7. Cable connection 8. Closet space 9. Desk Things I would highly recommend bringing, in no particular order: 1. Cell phone. If you dont have one already, I think theyre really crucial. Also, thanks to free nights and weekends, I actually get to keep in close contact with my family, even when theyre hundreds of miles away. 2. Bicycle. Getting a bicycle is not absolutely necessary, but I would recommend it if you are living somewhere far(ish) from the center of campus (like Next House). I got mine at Target for around $110 and it was definitely worth the price. You can also look around your hometowns for used bikes or ask friends and neighbors if theyre looking to sell. 3. Floor lamp and desk lamp. Many MIT dorms have ugly and eye-bothering fluorescent lighting 4. Computer! Bryan discussed laptop vs. desktop, Ill contribute to that discussion. For the past three years, Ive been using a laptop that I won in a competition. I dont take it out of my room that often, but occasionally I appreciate the mobility. Last year I bought an LCD screen that I connect to my laptop, which is much easier on my eyes. However, running programs like Matlab and Solidworks is absolutely painful on a laptop, so I think my next computer purchase will be a desktop. In general, a laptop isnt crucial, but having some sort of computer is. 5. A good alarm clock. Bring something that you can rely on and that will actually wake you up! I have a CD clock radio and I 3 it. 6. A refrigerator. If youre going to be living in Burton Conner, MacGregor, or anywhere else with a kitchen suite, then this isnt totally necessary, but I couldnt live without my fridge in Next. You might be able to get a used one, I just got mine from Costco at the beginning of my freshman year and Ive been using it since then. 7. Posters! Nothing is as boring as a dorm with plain white walls. Bring photos, posters, paintings (basically whatever you can hang on the walls) to spice up the place! 8. Closet organizers and hangers. This may seem dumb but the dorm closets obviously dont come with them. The more stuff you can cram into your closet, the better! 9. A dustpan/ any other random cleaning supplies. Your room will get dirty, I guarantee it. La Verdes will charge you an arm and a leg for cleaning supplies, so bring your own Swiffer or dustpan. 10. Laundry basket and laundry detergent. Also, an iron and small ironing board if youre not into the whole wrinkled look. 11. Sheets. Another duh, but hey, better to be thorough. 12. A bathroom caddy. Depending on you live, youll probably have to store your bathroom stuff in your room or in a little cubby in the hall bathroom. It helps to have a little basket (one that you can buy from Bed Bath Beyond or something) to make it easier to tote your stuff around. 13. Towels (duh). In addition to bath towels, I got these little hand towels from Target (I think they were sold in packs of 5 for $3) and theyre great to store in the bathroom. Wash them when theyre dirty and you wont feel bad if you lose them. 14. Computer speakers. If youre like me, your laptop speakers are horrible a pair of speakers will do wonders. 15. Flip flops. The floor of the bathroom and communal showers = gross. 16. A rug. Nothing makes a cold, bare dorm room more cheerful than a rug! 17. Binders and such. So I presume youre going to MIT for an education? It helps to bring notebook paper, binders, pencils, pens, erasers, a calculator, whatever you need to be prepared in class. I really like having a clipboard, too. 18. Bed stand. This one isnt totally necessary, but I love having one. 19. Important personal information. For example, a copy of your passport (or your actual passport, if youre going to be traveling), health insurance card, any immunization records that you have in your possession, drivers license, and social security card. And the ONE thing that you MUST have with you a good attitude! =) Dont leave this one at home youll find yourself all alone, crying in a dark corner.

The Social Security Of Welfare - 980 Words

â€Å"Give a man a fish and he will eat for a day. Teach him to fish and he will eat for a lifetime.† Welfare is defined as a procedure or social effort designed to promote the basic physical and material well-being of people in need. Welfare was a system created to help those who could not help themselves; today that system is being misused and abused. The government collects money from working individuals in the form of taxes and distributes it to assist those who cannot work on their own, or those who simply choose not to work. The Social Security Publication, maintained by the United States government, states that the only items required for an interview are: identification, such as a driver’s license, state ID, birth certificate or alien card; proof of income for each member of your household, pay stubs or records that show if Social Security, SSI or a pension for each member of your household is received; proof of how much you spend for child care; rent receipts or proof of your mortgage payments; records of your utility costs; and medical bills for the members in your household who are of the age 60 or older, and for those who receive government payments such as Social Security or SSI because they are disabled. Looking at the requirements listed, they are saying if you overspend on rent, childcare, or any bills and do not have an excess amount of â€Å"stuff† then you would qualify. The application process is so simple; it can easily be fabricated and obtained by those whoShow MoreRelatedS ocial Security And The Welfare System2072 Words   |  9 Pagesrecipient of Social Security benefits. At that time the surpluses generated each year will cease, and Social Security will begin to run a deficit (paying out more than it takes in). The government will then have to begin paying back the money borrowed from the trusts, plus interest. Since no money has been saved for this purpose, the government will be forced to increase the national debt, cut spending, or raise taxes. â€Å"Even worse, unless something is done, the entire Social Security system will useRead MoreShould Welfare Subsidies Be Limited For Only The Social Security System?2329 Words   |  10 PagesSafwan Siddiqi Mr. Williams AP Government and Politics, Period 2 March 28, 2015 Should Welfare Subsidies be limited to only the Social Security System? 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What Is Personality Psychology Or Personology - 1585 Words

Personality is something all humans possess, which appears to be unique within each individual. It has been studied by psychologists all over the world amounting to various ideologies’ regarding how it is formed and the changes that occur in personalities. This research is called personality psychology or Personology. â€Å"Within the research field of personality, it is agreed that there are no definitive answers as to how the personality is developed and currently relies on theories to explain it† (Mollon. S. (2010). There appears to be two approaches to the study of personality: nomothetic and idiographic. The former is the process of gathering data, creating a pattern of personalities so that a psychologist would be able to compare data between types found. Ideographic approaches were used in events where the psychologist believes that all humans are unique and therefore, use subjective accounts from the individual towards their research. Psychologists who would hav e used this approach include Humanistic and psychodynamic psychologists, Carl Rogers and Sigmund Freud. The psychodynamic view is based upon Freud’s theory. Observing personality thought a Structural Model, defining personality as the division of the id, ego and superego. Stating that at birth, only one force drives personality, the Id. Actions taken by the Id are based on the pleasure principle and held in the unconscious. During the first two years after interaction with primary socialisers and peers, developsShow MoreRelatedHenry A. Murray Personology1969 Words   |  8 PagesHenry A. Murray: Personology Personology is the science of people. It is used to interpret and organize the lives of humans. The central ideas of the science must be to understanding of what we mean by the concept person, and for development of methods of understanding the lives of persons as the long unit for psychology (Barresi Juckes 1988 pg 1). 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Kohleberg’s combined insights from liberal philosophers such as Rawls, Piagets’ cognitive-developmental psychology and Baldwin. From his work an understanding of moral issues such as rights and justice was developed. Hence, Moral development during the adolescent years can be defined as the way young people learn to decide what is right and wrong, which in turn forms the basis of their principles of justice(Hart Carlo 2005). Determinants of morality on adolescents

Education System in India Free Essays

Education in India is seen as one of the ways to upward social mobility. Good education is seen as a stepping stone to a high flying career. Education System in India currently represents a great paradox. We will write a custom essay sample on Education System in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now On the one hand we have IIMs amp; IITs that rank among the best institutes in the world and on the other hand there are number of schools in the country that don’t even have the basic infrastructure. Even after more than 50 years after independence we are far away from the goal of universal literacy. But on a positive note, Indian professionals are considered among the best in the world are in great demand.This signifies the inherent strength of Indian education system. The Educational structure in India which operates at all conceivable levels from pre-school to post doctoral is of monumental proportions. According to a World Bank report there are more than 7,40,000 formal schools; more than 3. 6 million teachers are working on full time basis; there are more than 175 Universities offering under graduate and post graduate courses and about 6000 colleges affiliated to these universities. The educational structure in India is generally referred to as the Ten + Two + Three (10+2+3) pattern. The first ten years provide undifferentiated general education for all students. The +2 stage, also known as the higher secondary or senior secondary, provides for differentiation into academic and vocational streams and marks the end of school education. In +3 stage, which involves college education, the student goes for higher studies in his chosen field of subject. This is a comprehensive website on education in India. It gives detailed information on education and career options in India. Vision and Mission of educational system in IndiaThe vision of any institution should be to inculcate knowledge and power to the younger generation. Vision/ Mission has a great impact on learning. The mission of educational system in India should be the all-round development of children. The Indian education system comprises pre-school, primary school, secondary school , higher secondary school, and higher education (graduation and post-graduation). Although primary school is compulsory, this has been difficult to achieve in practice and India is still struggling to raise its literacy rates.Through school, students are taught a uniform set of subjects including languages, math, sciences, and social sciences. Higher education in India provides an opportunity to specialize in a field and includes technical schools (such as the Indian Institutes of Technology), colleges, and universities. Higher education in India has evolved in distinct and divergent streams with each stream monitored by an apex body, indirectly controlled by the Ministry of Human Resource Development and funded by the state governments.The important universities are called Central Universities and these are ma intained by the Union Government. The private sector also has a strong presence in Indian higher education. The Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), National Law School, Bangalore; All India Institute of Medical Sciences; Indian School of Business , Hyderabad; and the Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are renowned for their superior standards of education and compete with the best in the world. Primary and Secondary Education Several factors work against universal education in India.Although Indian law prohibits the employment of children in factories, the law allows them to work in cottage industries, family households, restaurants, or in agriculture. Primary and middle school education is compulsory. However, only slightly more than 50 percent of children between the ages of six and fourteen actually attend school, although a far higher percentage is enrolled. School attendance patterns for children vary from region to region and according to gender. But it is noteworthy that national literacy rates increased from 43. 7 percent in 1981 to 52. percent in 1991 (male 63. 9 percent, female 39. 4 percent), passing the 50 percent mark for the first time.There are wide regional and gender variations in the literacy rates, however; for example, the southern state of Kerala, with a 1991 literacy rate of about 89. 8 percent, ranked first in India in terms of both male and female literacy. Bihar, a northern state, ranked lowest with a literacy rate of only 39 percent (53 percent for males and 23 percent for females). School enrollment rates also vary greatly according to age (see table 9, Appendix). How to cite Education System in India, Papers

Ethan Frome Essay Setting Example For Students

Ethan Frome Essay Setting Ethan FromeThe movie version of this story and the original written version vary quite a bit. One significant difference was the change in the character of Ethan. I think that Edith Whartons image of Ethan, which was present in the book, was much different than what was shown in the film.The film was okay, but it did not depict the events of the book very accurately. In the movie, Ethan was much more vocal about his feelings compared to in the book. He rarely said a word to Mattie in the novel, but in the film they talked a great deal. The kitchen scene in the movie, which in the book showed how they knew each others feeling without them being said or obviously shown, involved much interaction between the two. His communication was not only different between Mattie and him, it was also different towards the townspeople. Instead of just minding his own business, as he did in the book, he often said things to bystanders who looked upon him with curiosity. There was one scene that was mostly the same from book to novel, though it was not very important to the story line. It was when Ethan asked Mr. Hale for money. By the novel you would expect Ethan to be a bright young man stuck in a life that is hell for him then Mattie arrives and makes it both better and worse at the same time. The movie shows him as a rather unhappy man even once Mattie arrives. There were other subtle differences between the two interpretations of the story. Other characters and scenes were different besides Ethan, but even if they had left everything else the same and just changed Ethan the way they did the story was altered ever so slightly. Words/ Pages : 311 / 24

Othello Essays (953 words) - Othello, Iago, Michael Cassio, Roderigo

Othello Othello - A Racist Play? Although there are lots of things to suggest this is a racist play I don't think that racism actually dominates the play, even though it has a racist theme. There is a romantic union between black and white which gets destroyed because most people think the relationship is wrong. At the time the play was written, 1604, even the Queen of England was racist so there must have been a strong hatred of blacks around that time. Most racist comments in the play are said by people that are angry or upset. For example, when Emilia found out that Othello had killed Desdemona she was extremely mad and she called Othello a Blacker devil, this was the only time in the play that she had said anything racist about Othello. The main characters that have racist attitudes are Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo and Emilia, with the hatred of Othello as the basis for their racist actions and comments towards him. Iago is the most racist character in the book as he has it in for Othello right from the start. What sparks off Iago's hate towards him is the fact that when Othello chose his lieutenant , it was Cassio who was chosen instead of Iago. What made Iago angry was the fact that Cassio had no experience in war when he did and Cassio was chosen instead of him. Iago does not say anything racist to Othello's face but he has a lot to say against him behind his back. He schemes to destroy Othello and anything in his way including Cassio and Desdemona. The first time we hear one of his racist comments is when he's talking to Brabantio about Othello and Desdemona, Even now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Iago says this to try and turn Brabantio against Othello. Iago uses racist comments all the way through the play, as he tries to turn people against Othello, for example calling him a Barbary Horse. He never says anything racist to Othello's face because in his plot he had to be his best friend, so as not to make him suspicious that Iago was causing all the trouble for him. Iago is jealous of Othello for many reasons, one being that Othello has higher ranking in the army than him, and also he has a good marriage with Desdemona which Iago does not have himself with Emilia. These are the main causes of his hatred for Othello and the reason he adopts such a racist attitude. Roderigo is another one of the racist characters in the play, being so right from the start. He is Iago's accomplice and will do anything that Iago wants him to. I think he does this because of the way Iago can twist a situation to make it sound as if Roderigo would get something good from it but in the end he doesn't. One of the racist names he calls Othello behind his back is Thick-lips . He hates Othello because he's jealous of him as he also loves Desdemona but cannot have her. I don't think he views Othello in a very bad, racist way but uses the racism against Othello because he's jealous of him. Neither Roderigo or Iago would say anything racist to Othello's face as he is the general of the army. Brabantio is also a racist character, and is enraged when he finds out that his daughter, Desdemona, has been seeing the moor behind his back. Brabantio is so mad he sends out his guards to catch Othello and put him in prison. Brabantio views Othello as a foul and dirty no good black, I think this racist view of his is because he's angry when he finds out that his daughter has been seeing this moor. Unlike Iago and Roderigo, Brabantio will openly make racist comments about Othello to his face such as, lascivious moor, Wheeling stranger. Brabantio can do this because he is the Senator of Venice and is higher in rank than Othello. The other character who is racist towards Othello is Emilia, the lady in waiting to Desdemona. Emilia is disgusted with Othello when she finds out that Othello had killed Desdemona this is the

How to Meet a Member of Congress Face-To-Face

How to Meet a Member of Congress Face-To-Face While more difficult than sending them a letter, visiting your Members of Congress, or their staff, face-to-face is the most effective way to actually influence them. According to the 2011 Congressional Management Foundation’s report Perceptions of Citizen Advocacy on Capitol Hill, personal visits by constituents to the Washington or district or state offices of members of Congress have â€Å"some† or â€Å"a lot† of influence on undecided legislators, more than any other strategy for communicating with them.  A 2013 CMF survey found that 95% of the Representatives surveyed rated â€Å"staying in touch with constituents† as the most critical aspect of being effective legislators. Identify Your Members of Congress It is always best to meet with the Senators and Representatives who represent your state or local congressional district.Find your U.S. Representative based on your zip code.Find your U.S. Senators based on your state. Individuals and groups can arrange personal meetings with Senators and Representatives either in their Washington offices or in their local offices at various times during the year. To find out when your Senator or Representative will be in their local office, you can: call their local office, check their website (House) (Senate), get on their mailing list. Whether you arrange to meet with your elected officials in Washington or their local offices, here are some rules to follow: Make an Appointment This is just common sense and courtesy. All Congressional offices in Washington require a written appointment request. Some Members do offer walk-in meeting times in their local offices, but an appointment request is still highly recommended. Appointment requests can be mailed, but faxing them will get a faster response. Members contact information, phone and fax numbers can be found on their websites   The appointment request should be short and simple. Consider using the following template: [Your Address] [Date]The Honorable [full name] U.S. Senate (or U.S. House of Representatives) Washington, DC 20510 (20515 for House)Dear Senator (or Representative) [last name]:I am writing to request an appointment with you on [date]. I am a member of the [your group, if any] in [your city], and Im concerned about [issue].I realize that your schedule is difficult to project at this point, but it would be ideal if we could meet between [time] and [time].I believe [issue] is important because [1-2 sentences].My home address is [address]. I can also be reached by phone at [phone number] or email at [email address]. I will contact your office during the week of [1-2 weeks before the visit] to confirm the details of the appointment.Thank you for considering my request to meet with you.Sincerely,[name] Prepare for the Meeting Plan to discuss no more than two issues. Meetings are scheduled to last from 15- to 45-minutes.Learn everything you can about your issue.Learn everything you can about points in opposition to your standpoint and be ready to argue against them.Identify and be ready to discuss any key data points that support your argument.If you have any supporting handouts, charts or graphics, bring them with you. Consider taking extra copies in case staff members request them. At the Meeting Arrive about 10 minutes before the appointment time. At least, be on time. Dress neatly and conservatively. Be courteous and respectful. Relax.Do not be upset if you end up meeting with the legislators staff. They are often more knowledgeable of individual issues than the legislators themselves, and they WILL inform the legislator of your views and requests.Introduce yourself to the legislator or their staff members: tell them who you are and where you live. Warm them up: Try to start by complimenting something the legislator has done recently; their vote on an issue, a bill they sponsored, etc. After a minute or two of such small talk, state your standpoint on the issue(s) you came to discuss. No matter how passionately you feel about the issue, do not rant-and-rave. Nothing diminishes your credibility more than an in your face demeanor. Tip: The lawmakers know you pay their salary.Be ready to answer questions and discuss your points in detail.In the conversation, focus exclusively on how the issues you are addressing affect your state or local congressional district. Explain how your issues will impact specific population groups, businesses, or the economy of your state or community. If the legislator disagrees with you, stand up for yourself, debate the issues, but do not become over-argumentative. Keep trying to emphasize the positives of your standpoint. Always try to end the conversation on a positive note.Close the meeting with a clear â€Å"Ask.† Members of Congress respond best to clear, specific requests. For example, you might ask that they vote for or against a piece of legislation or introduce legislation to address your issues.   General Meeting Tips Don’t be nervous. Speak naturally and confidently. Arrive on time and be considerate of your member’s time constraints and their staff’s time. Always be courteous and concise in presenting your points and request. After the Meeting Always send a follow-up letter or fax thanking your legislator or staff members. Also include any additional information you may have offered to provide in support of your issue. The follow-up message is important, because it confirms your commitment to your cause and helps build a valuable relationship between you and your representative. Town Halls In addition to individual meetings with their constituents, members of Congress hold local public â€Å"town hall† meetings at various times during the year. At these town halls, constituents can ask questions and give feedback to their members. Locations, dates, and times of town hall meetings can be found on the members’ websites.

Allocating resources and costs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Allocating resources and costs - Essay Example The aim of resource allocation is mainly on health cost and policy makers who have a great interest in enhancing the flow and transfer of knowledge that relates to both health sector services and business related services (Briggs, 2014). Economically considering laws of demand and supply, there will be no day when there is satisfaction when it comes to availability of sufficient resources that will allow possible means of improving health to be provided to people whom might need to benefit from their services. Whenever there is information regarding improvement in health sector resulting from the allocation of scarce resources, there is always a critical decision-making process to be made on how resources should be allocated. The relationship between resource allocation and cost is always reflected on pricing signals. To allocate scarce resources, the market economy highly depends on price signals which can only be projected by different costing methods. The relationship is that scar ce resources have the potential to command higher costs than abundant resources. It, therefore, means that correct price signals guide users in the following ways; they will use scarce resources to command high cost on highly valued commodity while and uses low costs on lower valued commodities (2014). Therefore, it indicates that when costs are minimally or incorrectly projected, resources users will waste them by using scarce resource for lower valued purposes and leaving abundant resources underutilized.

Networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Networking - Essay Example This study also encompassed the fastest net providers in every country. In the United States, Verizon and the FiOS network was ranked as the fastest net provider with an average speed of 1,056Kbps (Tsukayama 1). The FCC has a leading priority of providing faster access to broadband networks and faster download speeds. This access has been influenced by the partnership with Microsoft, Comcast among other non-governmental organization like the Clinton Global Initiative. According to Bill Clinton who is the former president in the United States, South Korea provides the fastest internet speeds (Tsukayama 1). This factor is influenced by the governmental policy which encourages partnerships with other organizations. Nowadays, the South Korean citizens enjoy an average internet speed of up to 16.63 megabits per second. Therefore, the access to internet services in South Korea is cheaper. In the United States, the residents pay an average of $46 monthly while the South Korean citizens pay a monthly fee of $38. This asserts that the United States should aim in providing better internet services because; the South Korean government has already initialized their improvement project in the internet provision sector. In conclusion, the current president of the United States is committed to setting up a plan whereby 98% of the Americans will receive better broadband services. The slower internet services are attributed by the fact that most citizens do not have the appropriate internet speeds to stream videos and load web pages. Therefore, the United States should implement a plan to increase their internet speeds through partnering with other companies (Smith 1). Smith, Catharine. South Koreas internet to be 200 times faster than in U.S. The Huffington Post 23 Feb. 2011. Web. Tsukayama, Hayley. S. Korea leads the

Consumer Buying Behavior: Digital Marketing

Consumer Buying Behavior: Digital Marketing A very important aspect related to the online marketing is its ability to contact potential customers irrespective of time and location. A major transformation has occurred due to the evolution of the mobile phone. Mobile marketing has been defined as the utilization of a medium that is wireless to ensure that consumers have access to information that is real time-based, location-sensitive and personalized, which aims towards promoting products, services, and ideas, thus proving beneficial for all stakeholders (Robinson, Wysocka, Hand, 2007). According to (Shukla, 2010) mobile marketing will prove to be extremely popular on account of the fact that the mobile phone will be used as a personal device. Mobile commerce has been the outcome of the swift development of the mobile phone. ]]]/|}|}Definitions related to mobile commerce alike in all existent literature. Mobile commerce transactions refer to all transactions conducted through a mobile communication network using monetary values. According to Robinson, Wysocka and Hand, (2007) (Robinson, Wysocka, Hand, 2007) any e-commerce transaction that uses the media of mobile devices and that is conducted through wireless telecommunication networks and other wired e-commerce technologies may be termed mobile commerce. According to Frolick and Chen, (2004) (Frolick Chen, 2004) mobile commerce maybe defined as any form of mobile communication that occurs between a business and its customer. Dholakia and Dholakia opine that mobile commerce is used to carry out electronic commerce-transactions throuvgh mobile phones and wireless terminals. Finally, (Balasubramanian, Peterson, Jarvenpaa, 2002)define any transaction that is carried out over a wireless telecommunication network, either directly or indirectly, as mobile commerce. Thus, to conclude, mobile commerce may be considered to be a business model that enables a consumer to undergo all the steps of a commercial transaction simply using a mobile phone. The media through which consumers will be able to conduct their transactions have the potential to undergo transformation primarily due to the development and usage of mobile commerce as a technology that is gradually emerging. Not just consumers but marketers too are attracted to mobile commerce that is based on wireless communication technology. The availability of this new technology will provide for a complete make-over in the fields of advertising, retailing and shopping in the domain of marketing. Companies that desire to conduct business operations in mobile markets must then, be ready to adopt mobile marketing and mobile commerce. Mobile commerce will be similar in many respects to the internet-based e-commerce but it will also be distinct in some aspects. These are: Ubiquity- The ability that makes it possible for mobile commerce to be availed of anywhere and at any time. Personalization- Mobile hardware undoubtedly is limited by its memory capacity. However, software can be used in such a way that the users needs are satisfied. Flexibility- Users can conduct transactions and/or receive information even when they are engrossed in other activities, such as, travel or work. Dissemination- It is quite possible that the people who act as the origins of information (for example, local retailers) may make use of the wireless network of mobile commerce so that the customers get the required, specific information. Convenience- Users can operate mobile phones very easily. Instant connectivity- Marketers can use the mobile phones to connect with target users just by clicking a button. Location- It is possible to provide location-specific information and products using a mobile phone. The channels related to mobile commerce and mobile marketing need to be comprehended and further analyzed although a number of companies utilize these channels extensively. This research aims at drawing the attention of entrepreneurs towards the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) operators as well as towards the opportunities that exist in the domain of mobile commerce and mobile marketing. This research will focus on (1) mobile commerce and concepts related to mobile marketing (2) tools available for mobile marketing (3) the significance of mobile marketing in India and (4) the comprehension and examination of consumers attitudes towards mobile marketing tools. The digital world has introduced a new aspect of marketing and branding and this has seen an increase in the number of consumers who have turned to the digital space to get their daily dose of entertainment, education, media, and more. The Internet, social media, interactive television, CDs, DVDs, and cell phones are all various aspects of the digital world and these will be preferred extensively by people in the context of digital marketing. The usage of digital media will prove to be an extremely cost-effective measure that will efficiently enhance the online presence of a business thereby increasing it manifold. The popular saying that there is no such thing as a free lunch has been negated by the digital media. This is because marketing using social media and blogs will be seen to help an individual reach out to professionals who were thus far untouched. Also this will increase the visibility among the users of the websites. Consumers will be b able to avail of these services at no cost (Cheung, 2006). If I refer to the figures from Internet World Stats dated March 2008, Internet usage is said to have risen to 91.3% between 2000 and 2008. The spurt in Internet usage has been seen as enabling companies to grab the chance to interact with global customers through online advertising thus resulting in spending of over USD 60 billion in 2008. (Media, 2008) The aspect of digital marketing is quickly automated and adapted to. Digital marketing unlike its other counterparts will be available 24 hours a day, and will not be disrupted by weekends, holidays, hangovers, late lunches, etc. Digital marketing will be easy to connect to and will follow all commands without questioning. It will target prospects, who are interested in the products displayed that very moment (Nicopolitidis, Obaidat, Papadimitriou, Pomportsis, 2003).. Digital marketing will be most preferred because advertising space online will be much cheaper than the print version and will offer better visibility.. The content however will have to be framed in such a manner as to be of use to consumers or else it may have a negative impact. This low-cost marketing technique is expected to be useful to small businesses too. Marketing prospects will increase because of the availability of information through digital media. It will now be possible to decide the target consumers and use a mix of various measures, examinations and profiling of consumers/segmentation to enable a two-way communication process (Thomas Gillenson, 2003). 2. Background The interactive digital advertising perspective includes presentation of information using means that depend on digital technology. Using digital technology makes it possible to create an immediate communication process between marketers and consumers (Stewart, 2004). Consumers can control advertising through interactive digital media by manipulating what they view on the screen while surfing online (Stern, 1994). Given that it can be measured easily, it is precise, customized, and personalized apart from being able to target consumers easily (Iii Woodside, 2005), interactive digital marketing ends up being a very good potential tool for advertisers (Radzeviciute Sliburyte, 2005). Tools that refer to interactive digital advertising include the: Online community, short messaging systems, and the transfer of photographic images using computers that have internet access and mobile phones, which are commonly used today (Stewart, 2004). It can be clearly seen that interactive digital advertising will explore and further strengthen the connection between computers with internet access and mobile phones. Advertising using the above-mentioned media will also be sub-divided into internet-based e- and email advertising, and mobile-phone-based SMS- and MMS-type advertising. 3. Research Aims The main objective of the research will be to examine the attitudes of the consumer towards the four different types of interactive digital advertising including: Internet-based e- and email advertising apart from the mobile-phone-based SMS- and MMS-type advertising. 4. Research Objectives The chief aims of the research include: To estimate if there have been changes in the Indian customers buying behavior due to digital marketing. To evaluate the attitude of the consumers in the context of interactive digital advertising. To analyze different marketing models. To study the various strategies and policies that organizations are likely to follow in this dynamic Indian market. 5. Literature Review Given the prolific use of digital media interactivity amongst advertisers and consumers, marketing activity has been upwardly impacted. Any form of advertising that includes the chances of interacting with consumers is known as interactive digital media. A producer can use this medium to interact with consumers by conducting campaigns related to his products (Schlosser, Shavitt, Kanfer, 1999). The TV-like experience is no longer relevant today. Consumers now demand much more given the rapid inroads being made by interactive digital advertising. Consumers also prefer options like In-Stream, In-Game, HD interactive video, IPTV, interactive kiosks, and mobile advertising platforms (Cho Cheon, 2004). This undoubtedly heralds a change in marketing and the shifts are obvious. Though these run parallel to the increased expectations of consumers these in no way put any boundaries as there may be new and modern forms of advertising that may evolve in the future. The main aim of any Digital Advertising medium will be to draw the attention of the consumer by inventing new and creative advertisements that enable development of personal relations. New technology will enable agencies and advertisers to make use of, evolve and reach new levels of brand-awareness and consumer commitment (Martin, van Durme, Raulas, Merisavo, 2003). This new medium of advertising will pave the way for agencies and advertisers alike to command increased values in terms of worth that is returned. Using the internet as a medium for advertising will now gain significance for gathering consumer information as there has been a rise in the number of internet users (Cheung, 2006). Mobile phones will ensure that targeting consumers becomes even more accurate compared to what it was like before and advertisers will be able to reach potential clients at places and times that are most suitable for the marketing campaign, while at the same time ensuring high interactivity (Nicopolitidis, Obaidat, Papadimitriou, Pomportsis, 2003). The internet advertising industry will thus take recourse to mobile phones (Thomas Gillenson, 2003). Advertising within these two potential channels may be of four types and will include: Internet-based advertising through the website (e-advertising), emailing (email advertising), and mobile-phone-based advertising (m-advertising) of the SMS- (short messaging service) and MMS-types (multimedia messaging service). If I consider the two communication media forms, interactive and individual,, they will comprise what I call interactive digital advertising. It is important to understand consumer behavior towards this medium as the attitudes of the consumer will impact consumer exposure, attention, and reaction to individual advertisements (Schlosser, Shavitt, Kanfer, 1999). There have been a few instances of empirical studies carried out in the context of consumer attitudes and e-advertising (Ravi, 2005). Yet, a majority of the literature fails to include email advertising in its research. Many are unsuccessful in distinguishing email advertising from other forms of advertising. Still, there is limited research which emphasizes email advertising (Martin, van Durme, Raulas, Merisavo, 2003). If I consider advertising, there exist a small number of articles that focus on consumer attitudes towards SMS-type m-advertising, including the study by Tsang, et al., (2004), Rettie, et al., (2005), and Carroll, et al., (2007). The new generation MMS-type m-advertising has received practically no attention from the academic aspect. The fact is that consumer markets and communication media will become fragmented to a great extent (Karson, et al., 2006) so it is important that the differences between the media in the advertising domain be noted. Any analysis that is carried out, which focuses on these differences will enable the marketers to get in-depth information related to the application and suitability of individual sub-types of interactive digital advertising. It will also help choose between the four available sub-types of interactive digital advertising channels to ensure that the message is communicated correctly to the customers. Still, empirical studies related to this subject are rarely found. This research will help aid further study into consumer attitudes related to interactive digital advertising. Actually, this research will aim at identifying the differences that are present in consumer attitudes, which may be related to these four sub-types of interactive digital advertising. I can conclude by stating that the research questions in this study will be designed so as to elucidate whether the attitudes of the consumers differ when it comes to internet-based e- and email advertising, and mobile-phone-based SMS- and MMS-type advertising. Today, when the media are so fragmented there are several ways that can be used to create advertising campaigns that use Interactive Digital Advertising. Interactive Digital Advertising will be inevitable given the Internet is becoming an inseparable and intrinsic part of our lives. 6. Research Methodology Research methodology is the core behind any research that is conducted. I will opt for the Questionnaire method since the primary data suits the needs of this research. There were 20 questions included in the questionnaire that were simple to comprehend. The questions were all close-ended. This has eased the workload of both the researcher and the respondents.

No Easy Task

The well being of a nation begins with the development of its younger generation. They are the ones that will assume the task of running and maintaining the well being of this nation in the future. Unfortunately the task of to lead these youths in the right direction is no easy task. Numerous articles and studies have confirmed that our youth problems is a rising issue and should receive extra attention. Youth problems range from poor school achievement to youth pregnancy, crime, and drug addictions. Many experts have noted that one of the major causes that contribute to youth having problems is the lack of strong family value and substantial home-life. Youth belonging to this category are normally ones that have single parents or weak or uncaring parents. The above perspective along with some other variables, such as income level, media influence, and educational level, should explain why the youth problem phenomenon occurs. One of the fundamental ways to view why youth develop problems is to view their family structure. Many youth do not have what is considered to be a healthy or complete family. For example, if a youth is raised by a single parent, he or she may lack many of the family essentials, such family warmth, love sharing, or normal family life. The youth may also develop shame feelings among his or her peers. Another scenario might be a youth raised by weak and uncaring parents. The youth might not receive the adequate attention and guidance necessary for their thoughts, actions, and perhaps wrongdoing. In this case the youth may develop two types of feelings. They will either feel abandon because of the parents uncaring nature, or, the youth might feel exceptional freedom because the parents simply is weak or do not care. In both cases, youths having such family structures develops much higher percentage to differentiate themselves from their common peers. The second variable that seems to have a large influence as to why youth develop problems is the income level in which they reside. Income level is one of the issues that can t be changed so easily. Government aid and subsidies could only do so much in the aid of poverty stricken neighborhoods. Generally a great percentage of youth growing up in such a poor neighborhoods have a higher chance in exposing themselves to the numerous problems, such as, pregnancy, drugs, crimes. It is unfortunate, but no doubt that environment in which these youth grew up in are surrounded by such factors. Government funding and local group activist have trying to cure these blighted neighborhoods. Local activity centers, and youth organizations, and schools are fighting there ways into these area in hope to help give youth of these communities a better chance to succeed. Another variable that should be considered in why youth develop problems is media influences. Like Debra J. Saunders noted in her December 1999 editorial, youth are constantly being expose to the electronic media set out to influence youth to follow certain trends and mode of thinking. This is very true in this cyberspace, electronic media era. The Internet, television, and other media unconsciously place many messages in the minds of the youths. The youth are spending more of their time attracted to these media than they are in their necessary duties. The power or the media is so great that many of the youths mode of thinking are drawn to the character lifestyles of movies idols. The media have directly manipulated what is reality and what is fantasy in the mind of the youths. Therefore youths often try to be somebody or do something they saw from these electronic media exposures. Perhaps that the numerous in school shootings by teenage youths across the nation are the indirect results from too much media exposures toward youths. The final area that seems to contributes to youth problems are the educational level in which the youths are associated with. Educational levels vary greatly in schools that youths attend. The educational achievement accomplished by students determines if new educational programs are needed to aid underachieving students build there necessary skills to advance. Because the lack of such programs in some school, many youths in this category, find it difficult to continue their educational course. Therefore the rate of youth problems is the dependent variable of the drop out rate. Many students choose to alternative course of action if they cannot succeed in school. Their minimum knowledge is insufficient to land them much hope in making it the real world. Consequently problems are prone to along the route for these youths. We have briefly looked into the issue on contributing factors in youth problems. The variables we discussed are family structures, income level, media influences, and educational levels. It is important to acknowledge how these links intertwine in the life of a developing youth. Though we cannot simply generalize that a youth will develop problems once they have encounters with any or all of these variables for there are numerous successful examples for us to refer upon. But numerous studies have shown that the risk for youth to develop problems such as teen pregnancy, crime, drugs, and violence is at a higher rate when they are being raised in an environment that contains the variable we have discussed today.

An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations Essay

Absolute monarchy Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The belief in an understandable world, under a methodical Christian God, offered much of the motion for philosophical investigation. Beside that, religious philosophy paid attention on the significance of godliness, and the splendor and secrecy of God’s definitive nature; aside from that, thoughts such as Deism strained that the planet was accessible to the supremacy of human reason, and that the â€Å"laws† which administer its activities were comprehensible. Outstanding illustrations which support demonstrate why several historians divide the Age of Reason from the explanation are the installation of John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. Hobbes, whose opinion are a result of the age of reason, scientifically follows and classify human emotion, and conflict for the requires of an inflexible system to embrace back the confusion of nature in his attempt Leviathan. While John Locke is visibly a scholar descendant of Hobbes, for Locke t he form of nature is the basis of all unity and, rights and the state’s function is to guard, and not to seize back, the state of life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Galileo Galilei, was a university lecturer in Padua, Italy, who used a telescope, basically recently made, to observe the heavens. Telescope sustains the inspection that allowed Galileo to perceive things of his predecessor which had basically not been acknowledged about. The complexity of the universe that speedily became obvious was in direct antagonism to medieval analysis. Galileo exposed the rings around Saturn, that there were mountains on the moon, moons orbiting Jupiter, and spots moving across the sun.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In count for his effort on astronomy, intelligent Galileo as well made significant contributions in physics. He revealed that objects fall at an expected rate and formulated the mathematical method to illustrate their acceleration. Galileo’s effort was a significant step in the path of the fundamental principles of current physics: that the entire nature matches to consistent laws that can be articulated mathematically.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Equally, the combination of geometric philosophy which had conquered Western mathematics and philosophy ever since at least Eudoxus, and algebraic philosophy, attained from the Islamic world over the earlier two centuries impulsive mathematical and a scientific revolution. Sir Isaac Newton’s most claims to fame came from a methodical use of algebra to geometry, and synthesizing a practicable calculus which was appropriate to scientific troubles. The Enlightenment was an occasion when the solar system was accurately â€Å"discovered†: with the correct calculation of orbit, for example Uranus by William Herschel, Halley’s Comet, discovery of the first planet ever since ancient times, and the computation of the mass of the Sun using Newton’s theory of universal gravitation. The result that this sequence of discoveries had on equally practical commerce and philosophy was important. The eagerness of creating orderly and a new vision of the world, `and the identity for a philosophy of science which may well include the new innovation would demonstrate its fundamental persuade in both secular and ideas religious. If Newton may possibly order the cosmos with â€Å"natural philosophy,† therefore, lots of disputed, may perhaps be political philosophy sort of the body expedient.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Francois Marie Arouet, was famous philosopher acknowledged universally as Voltaire. Francois was expelled from England in 1726 and 1729, and at hand he considered Locke, Newton, and the English Monarchy. Voltaire’s philosophy was that â€Å"individuals who can make a person believe illogicality can make that person commit atrocities† that if individuals believed in what is irrational; they will do what is irrational. Like Newton, the philosophers highlighted the value of sensory understanding for gaining facts not simply about the substantial world, but about the social and political worlds as well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The philosophers were as well strong supporter in liberty, which prepared them adversary of such practices as slavery. Philosophers were also optimistic of the utmost possible independence in economic and political life. Mainly the famous book formed in this era was Adam Smith’s An Inquiry into the Causes and Nature of the Wealth of Nations, printed in 1776. Smith calls for as little regime intervention as feasible. Adam Smith reasoned that the country well being is merely the collective of the well being of all the persons living in that state. Given that persons are motivated by self awareness and because they identify best what is in their self interest, administration must let the instrument of self attention operate to the advantage of the condition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Additional basic thoughts also were put forward by the philosophers or their instantaneous precursor. John Lock put down the theory of understanding that was of great significance in Enlightenment contemplation. In his Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690), Locke distinguishes the human brain at birth to an empty slate, a tabula rosa, on which thoughts are emblazoned through knowledge. The empiricism was a vital aspect of the Enlightenment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Enlightenment strike on absolutism came from numerous quarters. In 1690 John Locke, a challenger of James II and, Charles II wrote his well-known Two Treatises of Government partly to validate England’s overthrow of its king. Locke disputed that administration had a definite responsibility to those they administer; when administration fail to perform their requirement (including the safeguard of life, property and liberty), the citizens are warranted in restoring the government with another that will guard the people’s freedom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Other philosophers continued to challenge the philosophical basis of absolutist rule. For example The Baron de Montesquieu, in the book Spirit of the Laws (1748), argument was that there were a small number of absolutes when it came to structure of government. Relatively, an administration should act in response to its surroundings. Montesquieu calls for the division of powers in the administration to permit for it to react to its environment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jean Jacques Rousseau in the Social Contract (1762) upholds that equality and freedom were necessary for a just civilization. In order to endorse equality and freedom, people have to place the regular good before individual own personal interests. This is why persons make regulation once they systematize themselves into societies. Rosseau’s model society was self regulating equality, in which every person subordinated his or her own significance to the broad will and in which the common will of the society truly reveal the welfare of the populace who willingly comprised that population.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Under the recent model of the rule of law, the supremacy of government is restricted by apparent and unmistakable lawful canons. Differently in 17th-and-18th-century monarchs hold on to absolutism or the rule of will the credence that they were monarch and their wills only were law. There were, though, reasonably conflicting rationales for absolutism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some definitions of sovereignty were concerned with the nature of man. In his most famous and controversial work, Leviathon (1651), the English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that it was the natural state of human beings to be at war with each other. Sovereignty, he reasoned, is located in the people but, out of self interest and the need for peace and security, they delegate it to the state (i.e. the monarch). The understanding between the people and the monarch, then, is a contract; in return for protection the people owe the monarch their total loyalty. If they rebel, the monarch may punish them as he sees fit. Otherwise, Hobbes maintained, there could be no order, and humanity would return to its â€Å"nasty, brutish,† disorderly state of nature. The method of the cosmos was observed as proof of God; consequently it was an evidence of the authority of monarchy. Natural law started, not as an effect against religion, bu t as an alternative, as a notion: God did not rule capriciously, but throughout the natural laws that he ratifies on earth. Thomas Hobbes, while an absolutist in regime, drew this dispute in Leviathan. A long time ago the notion of natural law was appeal to; still, it seized on existence of its individuality. If natural law may perhaps be used to support the arrangement of the monarchy, it may well also be used to emphasize the rights of focus of that monarch, that if present were natural laws, subsequently there were natural constitutional rights linked with them, just as there are privileges under man made regulation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   French Absolutism: influential as it was as grounds for absolutism, Hobbes’s philosophy did not essentially appeal to the monarch of his day. More striking to most was the presumption of absolutism that warranted the statute of Louis XIV of France, the mainly dominant monarch of his period. It assumed, contrary to Hobbes, that sovereignty resided directly in the person of the monarch and that it was given by â€Å"divine right.† Responsible only to God, the monarch’s word was law. Even the church was subject to royal authority (something that could only be justified after the Reformation, but the papacy still did not embrace this).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1648, at the end of the Thirty Years’ War, the Holy Roman Empire was hardly an empire at all. It was really a confederation of about 300 independent kingdoms only loosely united under a member of the Austrian Habsburg family who held the title of emperor. The Habsburgs, however, had little real power; what they did have came mainly through bargaining and compromise with local bishops and princes. Their hereditary lands included Bohemia, part of Hungary, Croatia and Transylvania, but even there they needed the cooperation of the local nobility in order to exercise power. Their fondest goal was to create some kind of unified state that they could control. They were held back, however, not just by geography and local politics, but also by great diversity in languages and cultures – a problem that has persisted in the area to the present day (i.e. Slavics, Huns, Germans, Protestant, Orthodox, Catholic, etc). References Bernstein, John Andrew. Shaftesbury, Rousseau, and Kant: an introduction to the conflict between aesthetic and moral values in modern thought. Rutherford [N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1980. Print. Brue, Stanley L., and Randy R. Grant. The Evolution of Economic Thought. Mason: Thomson Higher Education, 2007. Print. Hill, L.. â€Å"The hidden theology of Adam Smith†. The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought . 2001.Print. Rousseau, Jean, and Immanuel Kant. Rousseau: on the origin of inequality.. Chicago: Great Books Foundation, 1955. Print. Smith, Adam, Edwin Cannan, and Max Lerner. An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations. Canaan ed. New York: The Modern library, 1937. Print. Smith,A., 1976, The Wealth of Nations edited by R.  H. Campbell and A.  S. Skinner, The Glasgow edition of the Works and Correspondence of Adam Smith, . Print. Vianello, F. â€Å"Social accounting in Adam Smith†, in: Mongiovi, G. and Petri F. (eds.), Value, Distribution and capital. Essays in honor of Pierangelo Garegnani, London, Routledge. 1999. Print. . Source document

Analysis Of Andrew Jackson s The Trail Of Tears

Struggling through life’s difficulties, Andrew Jackson was an extraordinary leader that was able to overcome his struggles and inspire many people. Many historians and laymen look down upon President Jackson for his role in the Trail of Tears, yet many overlook the incredible leadership skills he had. The first leadership skill he was the ability to maintain order of his men. The next important leadership skill he had was. There are several examples of Andrew Jackson keeping order of his men. One of the most memorable stories was when one of Jackson’s men refused to follow an order from an officer. Jackson, then a general, knew that to prevent more of this from happening, he must be strict with his men, and make an example of the soldier that was being noncompliant. This soldiers name was John Woods, and they decided to have a trial and found him guilty. After sentencing, he was executed in front of the army to be an example. 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